Associate Professor and Educational and Developmental Psychologist
Dr Kelly-Ann Allen
Measurement Tools
Youth and Student Belonging
School attitude questionnaire (SAQ)
Seker, 2011
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California Healthy Kids Survey
California Department of Education, 2015
Elementary School Questionnaire
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Rovai, 2002
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Identification with School Questionnaire
Voelkl, 1997
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Measure of Belonging in Youth Development Programs
Anderson-Butcher & Conroy, 2002
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Patterns of Adaptive Learning Scales (PALS)
Midgley et al., 2000
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Psychological Sense of School Membership Scale
Goodenow, 1993
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Research Assessment Package for Schools
Institute for Research and Reform in Education, 1998
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School Belongingness Scale
Arslan & Duru, 201
Source study
School Connectedness Scale
Lohmeier & Lee, 2011
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Fredericks, Blumenfeld, Friedel & Paris, 2005.
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Bowen, Richman, Bowen, & Broughton, 2003
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Sense of Social and Academic Fit
Walton & Cohen, 2007
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Student Engagement in School (APA)
Lam et al., 2014
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Student Engagement in Schools Questionnaire (SESQ)
Lam & Jimerson, 2008
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Student Engagement Instrument (SEI)
Appleton & Christenson, 2004
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Student Sense of School Community Scale
Roberts, Horn & Battistich, 1995
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The Communities That Care Youth Survey
Communities That Care Ltd, 2010
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The Hemingway Measure of Adolescent Connectedness
Karcher, 2001
Source Study
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Youth Self Report for Ages 11-18
Achenbach & Edelbrock, 1987
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University Belonging
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A Sense of Belonging in a University Community
Krafona, 2014
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College Students’ Sense of Belonging
Ingram, 2012
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McBeath, Drysdale, & Bohn, 2018
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The Belonging to University Scale
Karaman & Cirak, 2017
University Belonging Questionnaire
Slaten et al., 2017
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University Life Survey: Place Attachment Scale
Li, 2011
Teacher Belonging
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Students’ and Teachers’ Sense of School as a Caring Community
Student Sense of School Community Scale, Teacher Sense of School Community Scale
Roberts, Horn & Battistich, 1995
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General Belonging
Measures of Social Identification
Cruwys, Haslam, Dingle, Haslam, & Jetten, 2014
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Measuring In-group Identification
Leach et al., 2008
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Motivation and Engagement Scale (MES)
Liem & Martin, 2012
Motivation and Engagement Scale – High School
Martin, 2013
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Leary, 2013.
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Perceived Belonging in Sport Scale
Allen, 2006
Perceived Social Isolation
Loneliness Scale
Hughes, Waite, Hawkley, & Cacioppo, 2004
Psychological Sense of Organisational Membership
Cockshaw & Shochet, 2010
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Sense of Belonging Instrument (SOBI)
Hagerty & Patusky, 1995
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Van Bel, Smolders, Ijsselsteijn & deKort, 2009
Social Connectedness and Social Assurance Scales
Lee & Robbins, 1995
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Social Connectedness Scale – Revised
Lee, Draper, & Lee, 2001
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The General Belongingness Scale
Malone, Pillow & Osman, 2012
Measures from Dissertation/Thesis
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Belonging, Conformity and Social Status in Early Adolescence
My Relationships with Other Kids My Age Belonging Measure
Grinman, 2002.
Measurement of school connectedness (MOSC) Questionnaire
Sugar, 2012.
School Attachment Questionnaire
Howard & Ziomek-Daigle, 2009
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School Connectedness Student Survey
Johnson, 2010
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Sense of Belonging among Middle School Students:
School Membership Questionnaire
Carson, 2014
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University Connectedness Scale
Stallman & Hurst (no year)
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Questionnaires not from Journals
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High School Survey of Student Engagement
Guide and Toolkit (HSSSE and MGSSE)
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Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) Questionnaire
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Pupil Perspectives on School Belonging
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Practitioner Tools
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Allen & Kern, 2018
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Arslan & Duru, 2017
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