Associate Professor and Educational and Developmental Psychologist
Dr Kelly-Ann Allen
Measurement Tools
Youth and Student Belonging
School attitude questionnaire (SAQ)
Seker, 2011
California Healthy Kids Survey
California Department of Education, 2015
Elementary School Questionnaire
Rovai, 2002
Identification with School Questionnaire
Voelkl, 1997
Measure of Belonging in Youth Development Programs
Anderson-Butcher & Conroy, 2002
Patterns of Adaptive Learning Scales (PALS)
Midgley et al., 2000
Psychological Sense of School Membership Scale
Goodenow, 1993
Research Assessment Package for Schools
Institute for Research and Reform in Education, 1998
School Belongingness Scale
Arslan & Duru, 201
Source study
School Connectedness Scale
Lohmeier & Lee, 2011
Fredericks, Blumenfeld, Friedel & Paris, 2005.
Bowen, Richman, Bowen, & Broughton, 2003
Sense of Social and Academic Fit
Walton & Cohen, 2007
Student Engagement in School (APA)
Lam et al., 2014
Student Engagement in Schools Questionnaire (SESQ)
Lam & Jimerson, 2008
Student Engagement Instrument (SEI)
Appleton & Christenson, 2004
Student Sense of School Community Scale
Roberts, Horn & Battistich, 1995
The Communities That Care Youth Survey
Communities That Care Ltd, 2010
The Hemingway Measure of Adolescent Connectedness
Karcher, 2001
Source Study
Youth Self Report for Ages 11-18
Achenbach & Edelbrock, 1987
University Belonging
A Sense of Belonging in a University Community
Krafona, 2014
College Students’ Sense of Belonging
Ingram, 2012
McBeath, Drysdale, & Bohn, 2018
The Belonging to University Scale
Karaman & Cirak, 2017
University Belonging Questionnaire
Slaten et al., 2017
University Life Survey: Place Attachment Scale
Li, 2011
Teacher Belonging
Students’ and Teachers’ Sense of School as a Caring Community
Student Sense of School Community Scale, Teacher Sense of School Community Scale
Roberts, Horn & Battistich, 1995
General Belonging
Measures of Social Identification
Cruwys, Haslam, Dingle, Haslam, & Jetten, 2014
Measuring In-group Identification
Leach et al., 2008
Motivation and Engagement Scale (MES)
Liem & Martin, 2012
Motivation and Engagement Scale – High School
Martin, 2013
Leary, 2013.
Perceived Belonging in Sport Scale
Allen, 2006
Perceived Social Isolation
Loneliness Scale
Hughes, Waite, Hawkley, & Cacioppo, 2004
Psychological Sense of Organisational Membership
Cockshaw & Shochet, 2010
Sense of Belonging Instrument (SOBI)
Hagerty & Patusky, 1995
Van Bel, Smolders, Ijsselsteijn & deKort, 2009
Social Connectedness and Social Assurance Scales
Lee & Robbins, 1995
Social Connectedness Scale – Revised
Lee, Draper, & Lee, 2001
The General Belongingness Scale
Malone, Pillow & Osman, 2012
Measures from Dissertation/Thesis
Belonging, Conformity and Social Status in Early Adolescence
My Relationships with Other Kids My Age Belonging Measure
Grinman, 2002.
Measurement of school connectedness (MOSC) Questionnaire
Sugar, 2012.
School Attachment Questionnaire
Howard & Ziomek-Daigle, 2009
School Connectedness Student Survey
Johnson, 2010
Sense of Belonging among Middle School Students:
School Membership Questionnaire
Carson, 2014
University Connectedness Scale
Stallman & Hurst (no year)
Questionnaires not from Journals
High School Survey of Student Engagement
Guide and Toolkit (HSSSE and MGSSE)
Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) Questionnaire
Pupil Perspectives on School Belonging
Practitioner Tools
Allen & Kern, 2018
Arslan & Duru, 2017
